For application developers that use the Hibernate3 JPA, it is crucial that you learn the different persistent states an object can be and what methods/functions cause them to transition to what other states. The states are:
transient,
persistent,
detached, and
removed. You must also know how a persistent context works, the ACID (atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability) principles for database transactions, and basics of object identity (Java's equality is NOT the same as database record equality).
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You can find out more about Hibernate3 at
https://www.hibernate.org/.